Elaborate Course: Neurology and Psychiatry 2
精品课程：神经精神病学 2
Neurology and Psychiatry Clinical Practice Requirements
(i) Neurological component
Internship I. Neurological Physical Examination and Diagnostic Principles
Requirement: On the basis of learning the basic theories and concepts of neurological physical examination and diagnostic principles
Objectives, content of the internship.
I. Purpose.
1. Master the neurological physical examination.
2. Master the diagnostic principles of the nervous system.
Contents.
1. General examination: Vital sign, state of consciousness, mental state, meningeal irritation signs, head and neck, trunk and limbs examination.
2. Cranial nerves
(i) Olfactory nerve: the examination of the sense of smell.
(ii) Optic nerve: the examination of the visual acuity, visual field, fundus.
(3) oculomotor, trochlear, abducens nerve: check bilateral eye fissure, observation of the size and shape of the pupil, examination of light reflex, accommodation reflex, examination of eye movement.
(iv) Trigeminal nerve: examination of trigeminal nerve movements, sensory functions and corneal reflexes.
(v) Facial nerve: Examination of the facial nerve for movement and taste.
(vi) Acoustic nerve: the rinne test and weber test, the examination of balance disorders, nystagmus, vestibular function.
(vii) Laryngopharynx and vagus nerve: Examination of the motor and sensory functions of the laryngopharynx and vagus nerve, as well as the gag reflex
(viii) accessory nerve: a method of examining trapezius muslces and sternocleidomastoid musclces.
(ix) Sublingual nerve: a method of examining the motor function of the sublingual nerve.
3. Motor system examination
Muscle bulk and appearance: muscular atrophy or hypertrophy.
Muscle tone: Note the identification of increased muscle tone
Muscle strength: There are six levels of muscle contraction strength, methods of examination for each muscle group, methods of examination for mild paralysis.
Involuntary movement: finger-to-nose test, diadochokinesia, rotational motion, heel-knee-shin test, rebound sign and Romberg's sign.
involuntary movements: static tremor, spasticity, Choreic movement, athetosis, clonus, etc.
Posture and gait: examination methods for spastic hemiplegic gait, spastic paraplegic gait, ataxia gait, festinating gait, steppage gait, swing gait.
4. Sensory system examination
superficial sensations: tactile, pain, and temperature sensory test.
Deep sensation: movement, position and vibration sensory test.
Compound sensation (cortical sensation): Stereognosis, two-point discrimination and graphesthesia.
Key point: Bilateral comparisons and distal-to-proximalcomparisons to find out the extent of the sensory disorder. Observation of different types of sensory disorders: peripheral nerve type, posterior root type, spinal cord type, brainstem type, thalamus type, inner capsule type and cortical type.
5. Inspection of reflection systems
Deep Reflexes: Methods of examining the biceps reflex, triceps reflex, branchioradialis reflex, knee reflex, ankle reflex.
superficial reflexes: the abdominal skin reflexes (upper, middle and lower), testicular reflexes, cremasteric reflexes and anal reflexes.
Pathological reflexes: Babinski's sign, Babinski's allele, Hoffmann's sign, Rosssolimo's sign, method of examination of clonus.
6. it's important to improve the ability to analyse the clinical significance of the following groups of signs in the course.
Direct, indirect clinical significance for impaired light reflection.
Differentiation of true bulbar paralysis from false bulbar paralysis.
Differentiation of upper motor neuron palsy from lower motor neuron palsy.
Differentiation of motor ataxia from sensory ataxia.
Internship II Neurodiagnostic techniques
Requirement: Based on the study of the basic theory and basic concepts of neurological diagnostic techniques, validation experiments are conducted.
Objectives, content of the internship.
Purpose.
Master the application of common diagnostic techniques for the nervous system.
Contents.
Indications and contraindications for cerebrospinal fluid examination, methods of collecting
Master the method of lumbar puncture
cerebrospinal fluid, items for cerebrospinal fluid examination.
EEG concepts, waveform characteristics of normal EEG and common abnormal EEG.
Methodology.
1. Mainly teach the main points and difficulties, combined with typical cases.
2. Ask questions before class and answer them after class to inspire students' thinking.
3. Focus on theory and practice.
4. Use multimedia to present the content visually.
Internship III Cerebrovascular Disease
Requirement: Based on learning the basic theory and basic concepts of cerebrovascular disease
Objectives, content of the internship.
Purpose.
Master the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of cerebrovascular disease.
Contents.
Demonstrate the clinical manifestations of common cerebrovascular diseases and discuss the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of TIA, cerebral thrombosis, cerebral embolism, cerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage in conjunction with cases.
Methodology.
1. Mainly teach the main points and difficulties, combined with typical cases.
2. Ask questions before class and answer them after class to inspire students' thinking.
3. Focus on theory and practice.
4. Use multimedia to present the content visually.
(ii)Psychiatry component
PART I: Watching the Psychiatry video
PART II: Semeiology of mental disorder
The purpose requires.
1. Understanding the basic symptoms of psychiatry
2. Familiarity with the characteristic manifestations of different mental illnesses
The main elements of teaching and the distribution of hours.
Main content of instruction.
1. Sensations and perceptions disorders: sensory disorders, perceptionl disorders
2. Thought disorder: thinking form disorder, thinking content disorder
3. Mood disorders: changes in the nature of emotions, changes in emotional volatility, changes in emotional coherence
4.Attention and concentration disorders: increased attention, decreased attention, decreased attention span, transfer with the situation
5.Consciousness disorders: Diosrientation, twiling state; oneiroid state, narrowing of conscousness, coma, delirium, hazy state, dream-like state, blurred consciousness.
6. Intellectual disability
7. Insight
8. Methods and content of psychiatric examination.
Cerebrovascular Diseases.pptDementia Delirium & Amnestil Disorder-Yuan.pptEpilepsy 2019（录播版）.pptxEssential Neurology-Part1.pptEssential Neurology-Part2.pptEssential Neurology-Part3.pptMS（2019）.pptxMyasthenia Gravis（2018）.pptSchizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders-Mu.pptSpinal disease.pptThe Neurologic Examination(实习版).ppt精神病学-绪论.ppt精神病学-症状学.ppt
